NANOTECHNOLOGY ( Molecular or NANO- Manufacturing)

NANOTECHNOLOGY ( Molecular or NANO- Manufacturing) Free Online Research Papers The idea of molecular manufacturing is based on the concept of scaling which is hence required to be deeply studied the various concepts for nano based manufacturing have been developed or proposed as a hypothesis. The main concepts with which we deal in this paper are the basic concept of nanotechnology and further the idea of making a basic nano factory, the problem faced due to scaling and various methods and assumptions that can lead to the formation of a feasible nano factory. The performance of advanced products, and some likely applications, are discussed. Finally, considerations and recommendations for a targeted development program are presented. Introduction :- What is Nanotechnology? Technology as said is something which is primarily an application of scientific knowledge for carrying out the production of a product profitably and economically. And as an important upcoming issues which is coming up is the environment factor so it should also meet and taken into consideration. Nanotechnology as said is the technology that deals with nanoscale (1nm-10-9m) its quite obvious that we are here talking about thing or specifically tools and machinery and production at atomic and molecular level. Although the literature of nanotechnology may refer to nanoscale machines, even self-replicating machines built at the atomic level , it is admitted that an assembler breakthrough will be required for this to happen. As a matter of fact a nano scale machine rarely exist. The major problem with the nano scale handling is the laws of classical physics cant be directly applied and the physical behaviour at the nanometer scale is predicted accurately by quantum mechanics, represented by Schrodingers equation. Schrodingers equation provides a quantitative understanding of the structure and properties of atoms Scaling:- Scaling tends to the most important topic amongst the various topic of concern in the field of nanotechnology. As the entire concept of nano production relies on the idea of scaling it is of great intrest. As its known that the when we are talking about nano scales atoms and molecules are to be talking into consideration and for information purpose the size of an atom is about (0.1nm) therefore to work in that scale it requires great precision and accuracy in addition to this a very important factor that is present there is the change in physical properties like resonant frequency. 1 mm 10 nm :- classical scaling Plenty of room at the bottom Think of reducing the scale of working devices and machines from lmm to lnm, six orders of magnitude! Over most of this scaling range, perhaps the first five orders of magnitude, down to 10 nm (100 Angstroms), the laws of classical Newtonian physics may well suffice to describe changes in behaviour. This classical range of scaling is so large, and the changes in magnitudes of important physical properties, such as resonant frequencies, are so great, that completely different applications may appear. lecture by Richard Feynman A suitable example to understand the problem of scaling Strength and mass are completely different kinds of thing, and cant be directly compared. But they both affect the performance of systems, and they both scale in predictable ways. Scaling laws can compare the relative performance of systems at different scales, and the technique works for any systems with the relevant properties- the strength of a steel cable scales the same as a muscle. Any property that can be summarized by a scaling factor, like weight ~ L^3, can be used in this kind of calculation. And most importantly, properties can be combined: just as strength and weight are components of a useful strength-per-weight measure, other quantities like power and volume can be combined to form useful measures like power density. An insect can move its legs back and forth far faster than an elephant. The speed of a leg while its moving may be about the same in each animal, but the distance it has to travel is a lot less in the flea. So frequency of operation ~ L^-1. A machine in a factory might join or cut ten things per second. The fastest biochemical enzymes can perform about a million chemical operations per second. Power density is a very important aspect of machine performance. A basic law of physics says that power is the same as force times speed. And in these terms, force is basically the same as strength. Remember that strength ~ L^2. And were assuming speed is constant. So power ~ L^2: something 10 times as big will have 100 times as much power. But volume ~ L^3, so power per volume or power density ~ L^-1. Suppose an engine 10 cm on a side produces 1,000 watts of power. Then an engine 1 cm on a side should produce 10 watts of power: 1/100 of the ten-times-larger engine. Then 1,000 1-cm engines would take the same volume as one 10-cm engine, but produce 10,000 watts. So according to scaling laws, by building 1,000 times as many parts, and making each part 10 times smaller, you can get 10 times as much power out of the same mass and volume of material. This makes sense- remember that frequency of operation increases as size decreases, so the miniature engines would run at ten times the RPM . Chris Phoenix, CRN Director of Research Posted on August 03, 2004 in Science Technology MOORE’S LAW *The empirical observation that the transistor density of integrated circuits doubles every 2 year Introduction to Molecular manufacturing (NANOFACTORIES):.- The whole concept of molecular manufacturing revolves around the idea of making more precies (Atomic level of precision) products which are more reliable for the purpose of molecular based manufacturing a system of tools and techniques has to be designed to carry out the task. Molecular Manufacturing has basically classified in 3 divisions:- 1. MAIN TYPE OF MOLECULAR MANUFACTURING 2. EXPONENTIAL BASED MANUFACTURING 3. COMBINED OR INTEGRATED TYPE OF MANUFACTURING The basic type or the main type of manufacturing : In this sort of manufacturing process its like individually and digitally controlling each and every part of the product being constructed . To date, many nanotechnology efforts have been content to achieve nanoscale- but not atomic- precision, or to build large quantities of small identical molecules. However, there are some technologies that are on the verge of achieving the goal. Liao and Seeman have built a nanomachine out of DNA2 that can guide the construction of any of several different strands of DNA; the product sequence can be chosen by â€Å"programming† the machine with other DNA strands. This is a demonstration of programmable molecular fabrication. A planned extension to the machine would allow it to build longer and more interesting strands. Although this machine does not select from among multiple sites for the reaction, it does select from among multiple potential reactants, and its product has a precise and programmable molecular structure. Aono3 developed the ability to transport individual silicon atoms from one place to another in a covalent crystal, and was even able to automate this to make two dimensional patterns. Several other researchers have also used electricity (fields and/or currents) with scanning probe microscopes to implement reactions at sites chosen with atomic precision. Hersam4 has removed single selected hydrogen ato ms from silicon at room temperature. Oyabu5 has removed and replaced single silicon atoms with purely mechanical force, but has not yet reported the ability to build multi-atom patterns. 2 Liao S, Seeman NC. (2004). â€Å"Translation of DNA signals into polymer assembly instructions.† Science 306(5704):2072-4 3 See the groups website at jst.go.jp/erato/project/agsh_P/agsh_P.html 4 R. Basu, N. P. Guisinger, M. E. Greene, and M. C. Hersam, â€Å"Room temperature nanofabrication of atomically registered heteromolecular organosilicon nanostructures using multistep feedback controlled lithography,† Appl. Phys. Lett., 85, 2619 (2004). See northwestern.edu/univrelations/ media_relations/releases/2004/09/molecular.html 5 Noriaki Oyabu, Óscar Custance, Insook Yi, Yasuhiro Sugawara, and Seizo Morita. (2003). â€Å"Mechanical vertical manipulation of selected single atoms by soft nanoindentation using a near contact atomic force microscope† Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 176102. See http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v90/e176102 and http://focus.aps.org/story/v11/st19 The speed with which a molecular manufacturing tool can create its own mass of product may be called â€Å"relative productivity.† .These types of manufacturing processes are carried out using scanning probe microsopes and electron microscopes and as it can be well calculated that if it takes 1sec to carry out one operation then which can be a deposition of a carbon atom therefore it would take a approx. 6 billion yrs to fabricate its own mass. Therefore this idea of indiviusal based manufacturing is not feasible as it lacks by the time factorand as a concept we take in the idea of Information delivery:- The scaling of operation speed indicates that to embody information in the manufactured product via rapid physical manipulation, it will be necessary to use small actuators. Inkjet printers represent a step in this direction; their print head actuators are a few microns in size, and they can deliver megabytes per second. Furthermore, an inkjet printer can print its weight in ink in about a day. IBMs Millipede, a MEMS-based highly parallel scanning probe microscope array, can modify a substrate rapidly enough to be a serious candidate for computer data storage. Both of these technologies produce only two-dimensional â€Å"product,† but inkjet technology has been adapted to form three dimensional products, and scanning probe arrays have been used for dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). Nanoscale actuators, being smaller, will be able to operate faster and handle higher data rates. As information is required at a very high speed to compensate with the manufacturing process the concept of small embedded computers can also be applied to feed these nanofactories Exponential manufacturing:- In this process nano modules are implemented to carry out the construction of the final product. As its well known from the stated concept of scaling that the frequency of any operation increases when its shrunk down to a smaller level therefore for attaining high speed production of molecular manufacturing. Hences a small nano-factory established to manufacture parts of the product can be assumed and as faster solution. The goal of building functional manufacturing systems implies that the newly built systems must be controllable. Many types of control can be broadcast, including chemicals, photons, pressure, and electric or magnetic fields. Electric current is harder to broadcast, but systems too small to be contacted via micromanipulation could self assemble to electrodes. Electrical control may ultimately be the fastest and most flexible approach. The various techniques developed for carrying out this type of manufacturing are;- Polymer technique:- This techniques basically involves the making of patterns by folding strands of RNA and DNA accordingly into desired shapes Polymer chemistry is known to be quite versatile, and it should be possible to incorporate molecular actuators to select the polymer sequence; this would be faster and probably more reliable than using DNA strands to program the device. Molecular actuators can be controlled and powered by light, electricity, or changes in the composition of the solution.7 Bulk controlled polymerization techniques, such as DNA synthesis, often use two repeated steps: first they make the end of the polymer reactive by â€Å"deprotecting† it, then add a monomer that is protected from further deposition. Nanoscale controlled polymerization could control either the timing of the deprotection step or the monomer selection for the polymerization step. Or the system could protect the addition site by steric hindrance. Alternatively, it could use a polymerization reaction that is exothermic but has a high barrier, and accelerate the desired reaction- possibly by many orders of magnitude8- by holding the monomer in place. The ratio of reaction rates of confined and unconfined monomers will approximate the error rate 7 â€Å"Depending on the type of rotaxane setup, the stimuli can be chemical, electrochemical, or photochemical.† C. Mavroidis, A. Dubey, and M.L. Yarmush. (2004). Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 2004. 6:10.1–10.33. bionano.neu.edu/AR220-BE06-10_001-033_.pdf 8 Creighton, T. E. (1984) Proteins. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company. Creighton lists one intramolecular reaction with an effective concentration of 3.3109. See discussion in Nanosystems 8.3.3a. (Drexler, 1992, Nanosystems, Wiley) Solid built in solution:- Instead of making strands of desired shapes we can make small blocks at molecular level and then assemble them with the help of hydrogen bonds and cross linking. Solid built in machine phase/ Mechanosynthesis:- In this type of process all the reaction procedures are taking in controls by physical or mechanical procedures. Mechanosynthesis can reduce the rate of unwanted side reactions by preventing the reactants from contacting each other in ways that would allow those reactions to happen. This allows a particular deposition site to be selected from among many chemically similar sites. Engineered heterogeneous products can be built by mechanosynthesis that would be nearly impossible to build by self-assembly or common solution chemistry. Some applications:- Electron microscopes Electron microscopes can image with near-atomic resolution. They can be used to cut carbon nanotubes, even to trim outer tubes from multiwalled tubes14. They can also deposit a variety of materials from gas feedstock (electron beam induced deposition, EBID). These deposits have a feature size as small as 10 nm and can form threedimensional structures.15 Sub-wavelength imaging FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer, which is very sensitive to nanoscale distance) can be used to determine relative positions16. NanoSight has developed an imaging system that can be placed in an existing optical microscope and image 20 nm particles17. AngstroVision has claimed to be developing 3D nm-scale imaging using visible light.18 A paper at NASATech claims that imaging below the diffraction limit should be possible with incoherent light.19 Ion etching Ion etching systems can achieve single-atom accuracy and can use tiltable workpieces.20 This may enable production of freestanding (undercut) kinematic structures from high performance materials that might be useful for research into nanoscale machinery or even as nanoscale molecular manufacturing systems. 14 berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2000/07/27_nano.html 15 nims.go.jp/hvems/nano_char/facilities/facility6/NanofabSEM_e.html 16 iscid.org/encyclopedia/Fluorescense_Resonance_Energy_Transfer 17 nanosight.ukideas.com/ 18 parc.com/cms/get_article.php?id=223 19 â€Å"Parallel-Beam Interferometry With Incoherent Light† nasatech.com/Briefs/Sept00/NPO20687.html 20 Personal communication, Sakhrat Khizroev, December 2004 Conclusion:- Various technologies develop so far and being developed promote the idea that the idea of nano scaling the production line would lead to higher , faster precise and more cheaper rate of production. This pare presents the basic types of techniques laid down by the various research groups. Another aspect of the these nanofactories can be that their development in higher respect can lead to creation of self developing hardware that can be smart and can use there own technology to develop them self’s and creating some product which is more efficient than the previous one. References:- Developing Molecular Manufacturing Chris Phoenix, Director of Research, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology Molecular Manufacturing: What, Why and How Chris Phoenix, Director of Research, Center for Responsible Nanotechnology www.Wikipedia.org Research Papers on NANOTECHNOLOGY ( Molecular or NANO- Manufacturing)Bionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalResearch Process Part OneInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductDefinition of Export QuotasPETSTEL analysis of India

Dinosaurs at the National Museum of Natural History

Dinosaurs at the National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History The Smithsonian Institutions National Museum of Natural History is comparable in size to New York’s American Museum of Natural History, but less of its floor space is devoted to dinosaurs. Even so, youll find a considerable number of dinosaur skeletons herenot fabricated reproductions, but actual fossils, including the famous roadkill Triceratops that (until the 1990s) was the most complete in the world, the tyrannosaur Gorgosaurus, and the sauropod Diplodocus. Most of these reconstructions can be viewed in the exhibit The Last American Dinosaurs: Discovering a Lost World, along with lesser-known genera like Thescelosaurus and Sphaerotholus. One of the oldest dinosaur museums in the world, the National Museum of Natural History has had to periodically remove its exhibits from display in order to restore or refurbish them (or, in some cases, to completely repose them according to the latest theories of dinosaur physiology). For example, the Triceratops mentioned above has been given a complete facelift, as has the museums famous Stegosaurus (which has been reoriented so that it appears to be reacting to the Allosaurus skeleton directly behind it, which clearly intends to eat it for lunch). If youre interested in any fossils over and above dinosaurs, youll unfortunately have to wait until 2019, as the National Museum prepares the National Fossil Hall for the public. If you simply cant wait, though, you can access a live view of the hall-in-progress at the museums website.

Discussion forum in english 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion forum in english 2 - Essay Example The line of white hills in a way foresees â€Å"the birth of her baby – something unique like the uncommon white elephant. The color white symbolizes the innocence and purity of her unborn child† (Hills Like White Elephants - Literary Analysis). The word white elephant is repeated three times at different junctures of the building of the conflict and each time the reader can feel the inner pang of Jig. The other prominent symbols used are the fields of grain and trees which represent fertility and fruitfulness (the pregnant state of the girl in the story), the Ebro River that represents life and the shadow of cloud that represents the abortion of the fetus and destruction of life (Hills Like White Elephants - Literary Analysis). At the end of the story the reader is left confused as the conflict (that of abortion) is not fully resolved by the writer and is left for the reader to guess about it. Literary devices such as the style, the tone and the use of ironies provides extra charm to the narration and very often the use of effective ironies results in unexpected twists and turns to the development and climax of the story. Kate Chopin’s story "The Story of an Hour" is full of situational ironies. The very title of the story is ironic as it foretells some sort of tragedy that lie ahead the central characters within a time span of one hour. The fake news that her husband is killed makes â€Å"weep at once, with sudden, wild abandonment† and she becomes motionless and quite for a long time (Schakel & Ridl 196). The fact that Mrs. Mallard is â€Å"afflicted with heart trouble† enhances the gravity of the situation and at the end one feels the irony of the opening sentence. However, it is quite ironic that after brooding over the unexpected turning of events she is overwhelmed by a ‘monstrous joy’ and expressions such as â€Å"free, free, free †, â€Å"free Body and

Disease and health Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Disease and health - Case Study Example This paper, therefore examines certain aspects and issues in sexually transmitted diseases by trying answer the question on the extent sexual contact has played in the spread of STDs by looking at the keys issues affecting the topic, possible future scenarios and offering various interventions measures that can be applied in solving the issues (Shoquist & Stafford, 2004). Sexually transmitted diseases remain the most dangerous and prevalent health issues affecting many individuals especially youths in our society today. The society has taken a large stance in promoting abstinence in key issues related to sexual activities in the society. The results has however been drastic because the failure of explaining issues on the topic of sex has led to key issues which contributes to the spread of the sexually transmitted diseases among youths and the society at large. This has been caused as result of the sensitive nature of the topic as many individuals engage in sexual activities therefore finding it difficult to openly discuss the topic amongst themselves and to the younger generations in particular (Greenwood, 2012). The different issues affecting the spread of sexually transmitted diseases are biological factors. STDs are known to be acquired by having unprotected sex with an infected partners and due to the fact that majority of STDs do not show symptoms at early stage, many of those who are infected can not tell that they need medical treatment. Moreover for those who are not infected it becomes extremely difficult to identify those with the infections. In relating to the issue of gender disparities, women constitute a large percentage of those suffering from complex sexually transmitted diseases than men. This is normally so because of the severity of the effects of STDs on them. Likewise, in relating to age disparity issue, youths are the ones prone to contact sexually disease more than adults because of the numerous sexually partners they have. In

Mental Health And Young People Social Work Essay

Mental Health And Young People Social Work Essay What is mental health with young people? Mental health can present itself in many different way such as; anxiety, depression, and substance abuse. Mental disorders as suggested above may not only occur at times that could be a predictable reaction to a life changing event such as bereavement (Colman, 2006). A mental disorder is a pattern of psychological symptoms that may show a common foundation or recognisable pattern, that will negatively affect important areas of functioning or significantly increase the risk of death (Colman, 2006). Many different reports have been researched for this essay and they suggest different ages for a young person therefore, this essay will suggest that a young person is aged between 12 and 18. This essay will concentrate on the aspect of self-harm in young people. Self-harm is an act which consists of deliberate injury or pain being inflicted to ones own body. Most commonly this takes the form of cutting however, some other forms include; burning, scratching, picking, scraping, biting and sometimes pulling hair or eyelashes out. Self-harm is often used as a release of emotions that cannot be spoken and can offer the individual the means to attempt to deal with distress (Babiker et al, 2001). Historical context of social work within the service/field Twenty years ago there was an emphasis on joint working however, this is not easy to achieve due to organisational cultures and professional language barriers but research does show this to have better outcomes for young people and their families, this concept of joint work has continued through the last two decades (Southall, 2005).Government policy in recent years had supported joint work and also occasionally placed statutory duty upon agencies to achieve it. These difficulties can be overcome by the Professional Capabilities Framework (PCF) 8 states the need to adapt to changing contexts and to operate effectively with in multi-agency settings. Within the Standards of Proficiency (SoP) standard 9 depicts the abilities to work with others, including those in a different role. PCF 9 should be look at as to why these professionals found it difficult to make this transition as they should be responsible for their own learning and development which could have broken down the barriers between the different professionals. Is there continuity or has the social work field changed over time, and if so how and over what period? For social workers, procedures changed to this difficult multi agency joint work, this placed higher demands upon the social workers who were not as highly trained as other agencies in mental health issues. Changes were made to the Mental Health Act 1983 in 2007 including Professional roles: it is broadening the group of practitioners who can take on the functions currently performed by the approved social worker and responsible medical officer. Consider the ethos of the social work field or service you are presenting The ideas or ethos of mental health has changed immensely over the past two decades. Mental health is more open to the public as an illness that affects many people and does not make these people a definite threat to those around them. Social work has a significant role to play in coordinating efforts to support individuals and groups who may often have negative experiences and perceptions of mental health services. Social workers need to maintain a broader social view of mental health problems especially in regard to concerns about discriminatory practices, civil rights and social justice this aspect is included in the PCF 2,3 and 4. In accordance to the PCF 5 social workers have the knowledge, training and education that allows them to develop understanding and awareness of issues such as oppression, power and social exclusion and it has made social workers aware of their own abilities for oppression towards others. What is the service user/carers view about the service you have chosen? What is the role of the social worker in providing the service? What is the role of the social worker in providing the service? Social workers have had a key role of providing an independent view in assessments. Providing critical perspective drawn from a range of social sciences has been paramount to the training of social workers in the mental health services this complies with the PCF of knowledge and SoP 13 which also relates to knowledge and its use. Additional responsibilities will be likely for social workers employed in a mental health trust such as care management and representation of social circumstances in mental health tribunals. Social work practise is underpinned to promote social justice and challenge oppression, therefore social workers are in theory well placed to aid other mental health professionals working with service users and to collaborate on ways of recovery. These roles include the use of all of the PCF along with SoP 9, 11 and 13. How does current policy about the service (adults or children and young people) impact on service delivery? The Childrens Act 1989, suggest that a child is considered to be at harm if there is impairment of health which includes mental health. The definition of a child in need is one that is unlikely to achieve a reasonable standard of health (mental) without the provision of services. The Health Act 1999 contains a extensive section on partnership with other authorities which suggests that the NHS will exercise their functions along with other authority bodies and they will co-operate with one another to secure and advance the health and welfare of people in England and Wales. The white paper Modernising Social Services (1998) suggests the launch of the Quality Protects programme will transform the whole of the childrens social services. Improving protection with eight regional Commissions for Care Standards and working to national standards. The white paper Modernising Health and Social Services-National Priorities Guidance (1998) commits to reducing waiting times for services along with contributing to the development of outreach teams. This paper also wants to increase and improve services for children and adolescents including early intervention and prevention programmes for children. What do you consider might be the future of the service/field? Modern practise

Do the Right Thing by Spike Lee : Analysis? Symbolism Essay

What is ever the right thing to do? The film Do the Right Thing by Spike Lee is a hard-hitting drama that deals with violence and racism in today’s society. Lee’s film conveys two contradictorily ideas of two powerful civil rights leaders: Malcolm X and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. The main themes of the film are violence, racial intolerance, and police brutality. Its themes of racial intolerance and the ways in which our society, particularly those who are oppressed and marginalized, chooses to deal with it. Filmmakers used powerful techniques like cinematography and music, to drive that message home. As a film, Do the Right Thing is a study in how cinematography can effectively add to the plot and character development. Small details within the film, such as the hot, sticky, suffocating heat of a summer day, are visually stunning aiding to the main idea of the film. Since weather plays, a significant role in the film from start to finish it is important for it to continue to resurface throughout the plot. The summer heat stokes racial conflicts to the surface, driving the film to its tragic and violent climax. The cinematographer’s use of light and color increases its visual power and strength throughout the film. Spike Lee knew that the emphasis of heat was important to the film’s credibility. He and cinematographer, Ernest Dickerson, a longtime collaborator of Lee’s, worked to get the right effect for the film, making sure that the audience was aware of the heat in every shot. The use of camera angles, such as oblique angles and extreme close-ups, also play up the tensions brought out by the heat in the film. One example in which camera angles heighten those tensions is the confrontation between Buggin’ Out and Clifton the white bicyclist who steps on and ruins Buggin’ Out’s new pair of Air Jordans. At the start of the scene, when Buggin’ Out and the neighborhood hoodlums confront Clifton at his brownstone. Dickerson who is the film visual director shoots from below when the POV focuses on Buggin’ Out’s physical gestures and facial expressions. In Do the Right Thing, music has a huge impact on the storyline. The song that plays immediately throughout the film is Public Enemy’s aggressive song â€Å"Fight the Power.† With its driving, high tempo beat, and its powerful lyrics knocking down America’s favorite cultural heroes, thus putting an Afrocentric stamp on the American culture. Public Enemy which is a political rap group, had been sparking controversies with their defiant, pro-Black rap lyrics long before Spike Lee asked them to record a song specifically for the film. Both Lee and Public Enemy were unyielding in their views and comments, particularly in the mainstream â€Å"white† press (Lou Frederick). The group’s participation in the project was apparent because of the radical ideas shared by both. The song itself is played only when the character Radio Raheem appears. The song is a signature statement for Black male pride, independence, and uncompromising strength, which is what Raheem, imperialized. It is loud, â€Å"in your face,† fearless, and demanding of respect in the same way Radio Raheem is seen not only by himself but by others in the neighborhood, for that matter.. One can say that all the male characters in Do the Right Thing are constantly testing their manhood, whether it is Radio Raheem, whose boombox, with its size and volume, is a powerful symbol or Buggin’ Out who uses his calm words as a way to secure his manhood. Which show the two different ideas of Malcolm X and Dr. King, whether physical or verbal retaliation is needed. Buggin’ Out is a young socially aware Black man who is nonetheless misdirected in his activism, while the young people on the block are the apathetic. Radio Raheem provides another image of Black men, that of â€Å"in-your-face,† self-defensive, posturing that mask layers of vulnerability. In one scene, after Buggin’ Out threatens a boycott against Sal’s Pizzeria for refusing to put up pictures of Black people on his Wall of Fame, Buggin’ Out tells Mookie to â€Å"stay Black,† a remark Mookie treats dismissively. It is interesting, then, that Mookie is the one who throws the trash can into the pizzeria. Getting us to wonder is Lee suggesting that Mookie’s response of self-defense against police brutality was a responsible act, thus redeeming the character. Truly, questioning if he did the right thing! This is one of the reasons why Do the Right Thing is still such a powerful film. The questions it raises, while still potent, also still elude us, especially in the wake of the Rodney King riots, and other acts of police brutality and racial unrest in America. The film itself is dedicated to such victims of police brutality as Eleanor Bumpers and Michael Stewart who give this film life because their personal stories are being told through the big screen. Although a dramatic story the filmmakers, used powerful techniques like cinematography and music, to drive that message home truly aiding Lee to convey a historic message.

The Attack On Pearl Harbor - 1132 Words

The attack on Pearl Harbor changed the lives of Americans all over the country. To help make supplies for war, women had to get jobs as welders and electricians in defense plants. People used their radios to get reports on the fighting overseas(The U.S.). Most Americans first heard about the attack on Pearl Harbor through the radio. A radio station in Pittsburgh provided an eyewitness account. We have witnessed this morning the attack of Pearl Harbor and a severe bombing of Pearl Harbor by army planes, undoubtedly Japanese (Reinhardt). Footage of the Pearl Harbor attack was not released by the government for a year after the attack. In 1943 officials reversed course based on fears of waning civilian morale and allowed the release of films that showed the real terrors of war. Their hope was to shock Americans into strengthening their commitment to the war effort(Tuttle). World War II changed the lives of Japanese Americans all across the country. Around two years after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, FDR signed into law Executive Order 9066, which resulted in the imprisonment of Japanese people who lived in the U.S. The order was inspired by wartime panic(The U.S.). Once people started receiving the notion that America would be involved in the war, panic spread across the country. They realized that they all could be in danger. If Japan was able to attack Pearl Harbor, then the citizens on the mainland could be attacked, too(The U.S.).Within a week of PearlShow MoreRelatedThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe attack on Pearl Harbor is known today as a horrible event brought on by revenge and Japan’s need for control. This event is one of the single most important events in American history proving that the Japanese armed services may have been strategically stronger and more powerful at one time. The United States was not involved in WWII; that began with Germany invading Poland. The attack on Pearl Harbor, however, led to the United States’ involvement in World War II. It also brought with itRead MoreThe Attack on Pearl Harbor754 Words   |  3 PagesAttack on Pearl Harbor Introduction. I chose this battle because I had been hearing about the attack on Pearl Harbor, but I did not know much about it. This paper talks about the countries that fought in this battle, where the battle was fought, what the geography was like during the battle, what the weather was like, what happened during this battle, how many casualties occurred, other things I learned about the battle, who won the battle, and how the battle was important to WWII. What countriesRead MoreThe Attack At Pearl Harbor1596 Words   |  7 Pages THE ATTACK AT PEARL HARBOR Colleen Hendy American History 1302 Professor Benjamin Carr July 25, 2016 The Attack at Pearl Harbor Seventy-five years ago, in the early morning of December 7, 1941, â€Å"the Japanese launched hundreds of attack planes off warships, 230 miles off the coast of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean.† 2 The United States had no indication that an attack was about to occur. These planes were â€Å"heading straight to Oahu, the home of Pearl Harbor and the Unites States PacificRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1741 Words   |  7 Pagescountries involved. Even though those were the major countries involved at the beginning, one major turning point in war was when the United States was brought into war, which probably changed how the war ended by American intervention. The attack on Pearl Harbor is what mainly triggered the action into being involved at war from the U.S. (Unfinished Nation, p612), and from that point on, the Japanese were treated very different, with discrimination and exclusion for many years (Identification RecordsRead MoreThe Attack Of Pearl Harbor1351 Words   |  6 PagesJapanese forces attacked Pearl Harbor. They demolished the entire United States Pacific Fleet. At the time, Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the thirty-second president of the United States. He was in his third term when the devastating attack began. The attacked took place at the U.S. Naval Base in Oahu, Hawaii. The air attack started at 7:48 in the morning, Hawaiian time. There were about 3,500 casualties from the bombing, and more than 2,300 of them were deaths. The attack beached or sank 12 AmericanRead MoreThe Attack Of Pearl Harbor832 Words   |  4 Pages On December 7, 1941 the world was embroiled into the attack of Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor with their ally, Nazi Germany. It started with Japan being a bit suspicious and not so thrilled with the Treaty of Versailles as it was seen as a way to keep everything in ship shape even if there were some disagreements in the world. The attack of Pearl Harbor could have been prevented if America had not forced them to trade, had not moved the Pacific Fleet in California, and by notRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1442 Words   |  6 Pages West of Honolulu in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 7th, 1941 Japanese pilots and leaders could be seen with eyes glowing with pride. For they had accomplished a great thing that day in the lagoon harbor. At that point they felt they has honored their Country with flying colors. Much of the harbor and surrounding lands was a United States naval base and was also the headquarters of America’s Pacific fleet. On December 7th, 1941, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii became America s Read MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor917 Words   |  4 Pageslive in infamy (Staff, 2009). This famous words were delivered by former United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A day that change America forever. This paper will provide a description of the events that build up to the attack on Pearl Harbor, the effects of the attack and will al so provide insight on how the United States responded. Events For four years, conflict between China and Japan continued to escalate influencing U.S. relations with both nations, and eventually contributed to theRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1042 Words   |  5 PagesJonah Keller Grace Komorous WWII Report 15 March 2017 Pearl Harbor Introduction â€Å"Pearl Harbor is an inlet, or bay on the southern coast of Oahu, an island in Hawaii.† The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise attack on the U.S naval base, located in Hawaii. On December 7, 1941 Japanese warplanes carried out an attack on the U.S naval base Pearl Harbor. Japan’s plan was to just completely destroy the pacific fleet. That way the Americans would not be able to fight back as Japan’s armed forces spreadRead MoreThe Attack On Pearl Harbor1478 Words   |  6 PagesOn December 7, 1941 Japan stealthily attacked the U.S. Naval base located at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii resulting in many casualties. This IMC plan will outline the objectives, strategies and tactics in order to promote awareness of the attacks as well as develop positive community involvement. The challenge is to inform the residents of Hawaii as well as the general American public concerning the attacks on Pearl Harbor. The objectives discussed in this plan will be achieved through the creation of a